| ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠳᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠣᠮ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ | ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠨᠳᠢᠶᠠᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ 1492 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠰᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠯᠤᠮᠪᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ | ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠨ ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1582︶ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠢ ᠮᠠ | ᠲᠧᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠳᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠪᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1685 ᠣᠨ︶ | ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ | ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠢᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠣᠩᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1752︶ ᠳᠤ ᠫᠣᠷᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠷ ᠠᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠳᠬᠡ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠨ ᠯᠣᠩᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ | ᠃ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠭᠦᠩ | ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠨᠠᠮᠪᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠱᠢᠷᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠮᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ᠂ ᠣᠭ᠍ᠶᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ᠂ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠩ᠂ ᠭᠠᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯ᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠰ᠂ ᠽᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠤᠬᠠᠭ | ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠰᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠴᠤᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ | ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠵᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠨᠠᠨᠳᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ | ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠵᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ | ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠪᠯᠡᠨ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠰᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ | ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠴᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠩᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ | ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠨᠳᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠨᠳᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ︕ |